Tobias Massier
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The First Deep Geothermal Exploratory Slimhole at Admiralty Lane, Singapore

Publication data

Type:
Chapter in multi-author book
Authors:
Hendrik Tjiawi, Alessandro Romagnoli, Tobias Massier, Wei Wu, Jian Wei Mark Lim, Cliff Khiok Eng Chua, Jonathan Poh, Lizhong Yang, Dazhao Lu, Anurag Chidire, Balaganesha Balasubramaniam Veerasamy and Jerry Chan Sin Loong
Published in:
Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, vol. 471
(Electronic ISBN: 978-981-97-1257-1, Print ISBN: 978-981-97-1256-4) (Electronic ISSN: 2366-2565, Print ISSN: 2366-2557)
Issue:
Publisher:
Springer, Heidelberg (Baden-Württemberg, Germany)
Publication date:
July 2024
Editors:
Wei Wu, Chun Fai Leung, Yingxin Zhou and Xiaozhao Li
Pages:
1167–1169
Abstract:
Singapore has at least two known hot springs with surface water temperatures of 50–90°C. Together with its estimated high heat flow, Singapore is thought to have a geothermal potential. To assess the potential, we focus our study on the northern part of Singapore, where elevated shallow subsurface temperatures have been identified. Two deep exploratory slimhole sites are selected within this region. One slimhole has been successfully drilled to a record-breaking depth of 1.1 km within Singapore’s granite bedrock at Admiralty Lane. Subsurface temperatures are measured, and rock core samples are collected from this slimhole. Data analysis reveals a high geothermal gradient at depths beyond 800 m, surpassing the global average continental geothermal gradient. If this temperature gradient remains constant beyond 1.1 km deep, the rock temperature at 4–5 km deep can be estimated to reach 200°C. The temperatures are found to be hotter than many other non-volcanic regions around the world. Additionally, laboratory measurements on the rock core samples found that the granite at the Admiralty Lane site, also known as the Simpang granite, has an above-average radiogenic heat production, that if consistent to over 10 km deep, can contribute significantly to Singapore’s anomalously high heat flow. The study to date finds that Singapore’s Simpang granite has high geothermal gradient, heat production, and heat flow. These findings underscore Singapore’s promising geothermal potential, warranting further exploration to deeper depths, such as 5 km. This journey could unlock opportunities for sustainable energy initiatives.
Keywords:
Geothermal energy, Deep slimhole, Slimhole temperature
DOI:

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Format: 
@incollection{Tjiawi_FirstDeepGeothermal_2024,
  author    = {Tjiawi, Hendrik and Romagnoli, Alessandro and Massier, Tobias and Wu, Wei and Lim, Jian Wei Mark and Chua, Cliff Khiok Eng and Poh, Jonathan and Yang, Lizhong and Lu, Dazhao and Chidire, Anurag and Veerasamy, Balaganesha Balasubramaniam and Loong, Jerry Chan Sin},
  title     = {The First Deep Geothermal Exploratory Slimhole at {Admiralty Lane}, {Singapore}},
  year      = {2024},
  month     = jul,
  editor    = {Wu, Wei and Leung, Chun Fai and Zhou, Yingxin and Li, Xiaozhao},
  booktitle = {Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering},
  isbn      = {978-981-97-1257-1},
  issn      = {2366-2565},
  publisher = {Springer},
  address   = {Heidelberg, Germany},
  chapter   = {151},
  volume    = {471},
  pages     = {1167--1169},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-981-97-1257-1\_151},
  keywords  = {Geothermal energy, Deep slimhole, Slimhole temperature},
}
@incollection{Tjiawi_FirstDeepGeothermal_2024,
  author     = {Tjiawi, Hendrik and Romagnoli, Alessandro and Massier, Tobias and Wu, Wei and Lim, Jian Wei Mark and Chua, Cliff Khiok Eng and Poh, Jonathan and Yang, Lizhong and Lu, Dazhao and Chidire, Anurag and Veerasamy, Balaganesha Balasubramaniam and Loong, Jerry Chan Sin},
  title      = {The First Deep Geothermal Exploratory Slimhole at {Admiralty Lane}, {Singapore}},
  date       = {2024-07},
  editor     = {Wu, Wei and Leung, Chun Fai and Zhou, Yingxin and Li, Xiaozhao},
  booktitle  = {Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering},
  issuetitle = {Proceedings of the 18th Conference of the Associated Research Centers for the Urban Underground Space (ACUUS 2023)},
  isbn       = {978-981-97-1257-1},
  issn       = {2366-2565},
  publisher  = {Springer},
  location   = {Heidelberg, Germany},
  chapter    = {151},
  volume     = {471},
  pages      = {1167--1169},
  doi        = {10.1007/978-981-97-1257-1\_151},
  keywords   = {Geothermal energy, Deep slimhole, Slimhole temperature},
}
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